شاخص نرخ ارز مؤثر واقعی (100=2010)
رویدادها
01۲۰۰۲Official/market exchange-rate unificationقوت ارتباط
Iran unifies its official and market exchange rates at the start of the 1381 fiscal year, a rare successful unification episode.
چرایی این پیوند: The REER index collapsed 62.1% in a single year, from 296.1 (2001) to 112.3 (2002), the sharpest move in the whole series, mechanically tracking the ~4x devaluation of the official rate used in the index's construction that year -- again close to a definitional link.
ملاحظه: None substantial.
تأخیر اثر: immediate (same year)منبع: IMF Iran country page (Article IV history)02۲۰۲۲Preferential "4,200 toman" import-currency rate eliminatedقوت ارتباط
Parliament approves ending the subsidized foreign-currency allocation for essential imports (flour, medicine), removing the ~$10-14bn/yr subsidy and roughly doubling bread prices for many bakeries.
چرایی این پیوند: The REER index rose sharply from 230.2 (2021) to 861.8 (2025) as domestic CPI inflation (40%+/year) persistently outpaced the nominal depreciation of the largely fixed/administratively-managed official exchange rate used in the index's calculation -- a real appreciation that erodes external competitiveness even as the free-market rial simultaneously collapses (see the parallel-rate chart).
ملاحظه: REER construction is sensitive to which nominal rate and trade-partner basket the source uses; given Iran's multi-tier FX system post-2018, this index likely reflects the official/administered rate rather than the economically relevant parallel rate, which could make the 'competitiveness' reading misleading if taken at face value. The 2022 event is cited as the start of this window's clearest dated policy marker, not as the sole cause of a multi-year trend.
تأخیر اثر: gradual over 3+ yearsمنبع: Bourse & Bazaar Foundation